Digital Technology Empowering Global Supply Chain Resilience Analysis: The Case of Apple

Abstract

Against the backdrop of increasing uncertainty in global supply chains, digital technologies have emerged as a key enabler for enhancing supply chain resilience. However, the process of empowering supply chains through digital technologies presents several challenges. These include the “efficiency paradox” arising from the rapid pace of technological iteration versus the inherent rigidity of supply chains; difficulties in coordinating multiple stakeholders, leading to “ecosystem barriers”; data integration and sharing trigger “security and privacy risks”; and uneven digitalization levels, inconsistent standards, and high technological investment costs across nations. To ensure the smooth implementation of digital technology in empowering supply chains, in-depth research into the integration pathways between digital technology and supply chains is crucial. This paper examines Apple Inc.'s development process since its digital transformation in 2018, from localized optimization of basic tools to intelligent big data and IoT applications, and ultimately to digital twin technology for production capacity optimization. As Apple encountered challenges such as the “efficiency paradox,” “collaboration barriers,” and “security risks” during this digital empowerment process—which deviated from the intended development trajectory—this study also analyzes the root causes of these issues and proposes corresponding solutions. This paper offers recommendations and reference points for enterprises pursuing global expansion.